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Упит dcterms_subject_txt:Standards for LRs

1243 items

  • A Description of Morphological Features of Serbian: a Revision using Feature System Declaration

    Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković, Vitas Duško (2010)
    In this paper we discuss some well-known morphological descriptions used in various projects and applications (most notably MULTEXT-East and Unitex) and illustrate the encountered problems on Serbian. We have spotted four groups of problems: the lack of a value for an existing category, the lack of a category, the interdependence of values and categories lacking some description, and the lack of a support for some types of categories. At the same time, various descriptions often describe exactly the same ...
    Morphology, Lexicon, lexical database, Standards for LRs
    ... descriptions for Serbian on MULTEXT-East, serving as de facto standard for involved languages for many years. They can be grouped in several categories. (a) The lack of a value for an existing category. This problem occurred, for instance, with the grammatical category number. The values for this category ...
    ... are fixed for a chosen lemma, like for instance, a type of a noun that can be either common or proper. The other categories inflect freely for all parts-of-speech (PoS) for which they apply, like the grammatical case for nouns, adjectives, pronouns and numerals. Some categories inflect for some PoS ...
    ... exist for all inflectional cases. This is not the unique property of nouns and ‘paukal’—the formally similar situation in which only a subset of values and categories can combine often arises in many languages. For instance, in Serbian, forms for the imperative mood for verbs exist only for the second ...

  • Automatic construction of a morphological dictionary of multi-word units

    Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Duško Vitas, Miloš Utvić (2010)
    The development of a comprehensive morphological dictionary of multi-word units for Serbian is a very demanding task, due to the complexity of Serbian morphology. Manual production of such a dictionary proved to be extremely time-consuming. In this paper we present a procedure that automatically produces dictionary lemmas for a given list of multi-word units. To accomplish this task the procedure relies on data in e-dictionaries of Serbian simple words, which are already well developed. We also offer an evaluation ...
    electronic dictionary, Serbian, morphology, inflection, multiwordn units, noun phrases, query expansion
    ... provided by this tool. For the above example, the choice had to be made three times for the information about forms (like ‘adms1g’ for the first component) and once for the simple word entry (because there are two entries for rok in the Serbian DELAS: one for ‘service’ and one for ‘rock music’). Following ...
    ... Table 1 shows that a direct production of DELACF dictionary is out of the question for Serbian, though it may seem possible for some other languages. For instance, for English this ratio for MWU nouns is 1.90, whereas for French it is 1.29. The calculation is performed on the basis of dictionaries described ...
    ... MWU lemma, that is, the same information for the production of inflec- tional forms. This is also reflected in the convention we used for naming the inflectional transducers: A stands for an adjective constituent, N stands for a noun constituent, X stands for a constituent that does not inflect (including ...

  • Terminology Acquisition and Description Using Lexical Resources and Local Grammars

    Cvetana Krstev, Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović, Biljana Lazić (2015)
    Acquisition of new terminology from specific domains and its adequate description within terminological dictionaries is a complex task, especially for languages that are morphologically complex such as Serbian. In this paper we present an approach to solving this task semi-automatically on basis of lexical resources and local grammars developed for Serbian. Special attention is given to automatic inflectional class prediction for simple adjectives and nouns and the use of syntactic graphs for extraction of Multi-Word Unit (MWU) candidates for ...
    ... number of inflectional classes and percent of lemmas that belong to them. For example, 10 classes for adjectives account for 98% of lem- mas, 10 classes for nouns account for 61.8% of lemmas, and 10 classes for verbs account for 59.6% of lemmas. Figure 3: FST classes and the percentage cover- ...
    ... this relation for word endings of length 3, 4, 5 and 6. For exam- ple, in the case of word endings of length 3, for 33% of words from the existing dictionary there is only one corresponding FST class, for approx- imately 20% of words there are two classes, and so on, whereas for word endings of ...
    ... There are 29 such classes for Serbian nominal MWUs.5 However, 10 of them are used for the inflection of more than 98% of all nominal MWUs. Four of these classes are used for the inflection of two component MWUs, four for the inflection of 3-component MWUs and two for the inflection of 4-component ...

  • SASA Dictionary as the Gold Standard for Good Dictionary Examples for Serbian

    Ranka Stanković, Branislava Šandrih, Rada Stijović, Cvetana Krstev, Duško Vitas, Aleksandra Marković (2019)
    У овом раду представљамо модел за избор добрих примера за речник српског језика и развој иницијалних компоненти модела. Метода која се користи заснива се на детаљној анализи различитих лексичких и синтактичких карактеристика у корпусу састављених од примера из пет дигитализованих свезака речника САНУ. Почетни скуп функција био је инспирисан сличним приступом и за друге језике. Дистрибуција карактеристика примера из овог корпуса упоређује се са карактеристиком дистрибуције узорака реченица ексцерпираних из корпуса који садрже различите текстове. Анализа је показала да ...
    Српски, добри примери из речника, аутоматизација израде речника, издвајање својстава, Машинско учење
    ... The average word length is similar for all dictionary volumes, slightly shorter for novels and much longer for daily papers and even more for journals (Figure 4, right), probably due to the use of specific terminology, as expected. Figure 4: Boxplots for number of punctuation marks and average ...
    ... dictionary, are used for ranking. The selected candidate examples, represented as feature- vectors, are used with the GDEX ranking tool for Serbian candidate examples and a supervised machine learning model for classification on standard and non-standard Serbian sentences, for further integration into ...
    ... dictionary examples that can serve various purposes: it can be used to procure examples for the SASA dictionary as well as for new dictionaries, but it can also be used for the development of a machine system for example selection. From the analysis of samples of dictionary examples, metrics and example ...

  • The application of ArcGIS for assessing the potential of solar energy in urban area: The case of Vranje

    Boban Pavlović, Milica Pešić-Georgiadis (2019)
    In order to determine the solar energy potential for a specified location, it is crucial to consider the latitude, altitude, slope, terrain morphology, atmospheric conditions, etc. Such a complex calculation and mapping of solar energy can be done using the ArcGIS geoprocessing tool, named Area Solar Radiation (ASR). By using the ASR tool, supported with the adequate input data, it is possible to calculate the maximum solar radiation energy (irradiation) for a defined area and for a specified time ...
    Obnovljivi izvori energije, potencijal solarne energije, GIS, mapiranje solarnog potencijala
    ... (irradiation) for a defined area and for a specified time interval. This paper presents a methodology for the application of the ASR tool for the determination of solar energy potential in urban areas. The focus of the research was urban residential areas, where solar panels (for heat and electricity ...
    ... approximately O.2 for very clear sky conditions and O.7 for very cloudy sky conditions. Dur = The time interval for analysis. 12% International Conference on Energy and Climate Change, 9-11 October 2019, Athens - Greece SkyGapo, = The gap fraction (proportion of visible sky) for the sky sector ...
    ... (units: hours) used for calculation of sky sectors for sun maps. In this case, the accepted default value is -0.5. • Topography parameters: — Z factor - used to adjust the calculation in cases where the units of measurement for the z coordinate are not the same as for the x, y coordinates ...

  • Advantages and challenges in presenting mathematical content using EDX platform

    Marija Radojičić, Ivan Obradović, Ranka Stanković, Olivera Kitanović, Roberto Linzalone (2016)
    ... G. “Mathematics teacher TPACK standards and development model”. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, vol. 9(1), pp. 4-24, Oct. 2009. [8] “OER in Mathematics, A free and open set of professional development resources for learning and teaching mathematics”. h ...
    ... OERs. 3. COURSE “PREPARATION FOR ENTRY EXAM” Course “Preparation for entry exam” is aimed at presenting course material to help freshmen prepare for entrance exam. The course is available within edX-BAEKTEL platform1 (Image 1). We believe this is a suitable way for making preparation materials ...
    ... reasons for scarce use of OERs. Also from a technical point of view, the edX-BAEKTEL platform needs some improvement for creating mathematical OERs. Besides the need for a more user friendly editor and more possibilities in presenting mathematical content, there is also a need for engines ...

  • The analysis of the geothermal energy capacity for power generation in Serbia

    Jana Stojković, Goran Marinković, Petar Papić, Mihailo Milivojević, Maja Todorović, Marina Ćuk (2013)
    Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
    ... et al. [4] consider us- ing geothermal water for heating green-houses near Jošani~ka Banja. They estimate that the avail- able amount of heat may be used either for heating or for cultivation in an area exceeding 5 ha. On the basis of calculation for available heat amount, the authors concluded that ...
    ... in water is probably controlled by chalcedony, and therefore the for- mula for chalcedony thermometer is [1]: t [ C] (SiO2 � � � � 1112 491 27315 [ . log )] . (2) Finally, for the expected temperatures below 100°C, formula for the amorphous silica geothermometer [8] is: t [ C] (SiO2 � � � ...
    ... Milojevi¢ et al. [4] consider us- ing geothermal water for heating green-houses near JoSani¢ka Banja. They estimate that the avail- able amount of heat may be used either for heating or for cultivation in an area exceeding 5 ha. On the basis of calculation for available heat amount, the authors concluded that ...

  • Influence of Ag doping on the morphological and magnetic properties in CuO nanopowders

    Maria Čebela, Uroš Čakar, Vesna Lojpur, Maja Milošević, Sanja Krstić, Vladimir Dodevski, Milena Rosić (2023)
    ... Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme ...
    ... bg.ac.rs The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research (IMSI!I), University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme Conditions "CEXTREME ...
    ... Organizer The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research (IMSI), University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme Conditions “ĆCEXTREME ...

  • Softverski alati za korišćenje resursa za srpski jezik

    Ivan Obradović, Ranka Stanković (2008)
    ... data are the same as for the dictionar- ies of simple words. The form for entry of new and update of existing lemmas for compounds requires the entry of more information. Figure 4 depicts this form for the compound “gross na- tional product”. The upper part of the form is used for the entry or display ...
    ... the beginning of the inflectional code determines the word type, or part of speech (POS), for example, N for noun, V for verb, etc., whereas nnn represents the ordinal number of the inflectional class for a particular POS. The inflectional properties of the class are described by a corresponding ...
    ... PWN has later been used for the development of a large number of wordnets for other languages. Some of these networks were developed within larger, multilingual linguistic data bases, in the scope of international projects for simultaneous develop- ment of wordnets for several languages. The first ...

  • Electronic Dictionaries - from File System to lemon Based Lexical Database

    Ranka Stanković, Cvetana Krstev, Biljana Lazić, Mihailo Škorić (2018)
    In this paper we discuss some well-known morphological descriptions used in various projects and applications (most notably MULTEXT-East and Unitex) and illustrate the encountered problems on Serbian. We have spotted four groups of problems: the lack of a value for an existing category, the lack of a category, the interdependence of values and categories lacking some description, and the lack of a support for some types of categories. At the same time, various descriptions often describe exactly the same ...
    ... lexical resource for Serbian (Koeva et al., 2008). This was the main motiva- tion for transforming SMD dictionaries from the existing file system to a lemon based lexical database. The model for this lexical database was developed in compliance with the state of the art standards for lexical resources ...
    ... marked (indicating a relation be- tween them). For the first option, a generated target entry becomes a can- didate for a new lexical entry in the dictionary; for the sec- ond, a candidate for a marker annotation of an entry is gen- erated; while for the third, a relation is established between two ...
    ... and standardization issues, three options for the lexical model were considered. The first one were TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) Guidelines for dictionary de- scription. TEI is a widely accepted standard for text encod- ing that proposes solutions for many text types, one of them being dictionaries ...

  • Synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic examination of Co0.9Ho0.1MoO4 nanopowders

    Milena Rosić, Maja Milošević, Maria Čebela, Vladimir Dodevski, Vesna Lojpur, Radomir Ljupković, Aleksandra Zarubica (2023)
    ... Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme ...
    ... bg.ac.rs The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research (IMSI!I), University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme Conditions "CEXTREME ...
    ... Organizer The Serbian Society for Ceramic Materials Institute for Multidisciplinary Research (IMSI), University of Belgrade Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade Center of Excellence for the Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of Materials for use in Extreme Conditions “ĆCEXTREME ...

  • Improving Document Retrieval in Large Domain Specific Textual Databases Using Lexical Resources

    Ranka Stanković, Cvetana Krstev, Ivan Obradović, Olivera Kitanović (2017)
    Large collections of textual documents represent an example of big data that requires the solution of three basic problems: the representation of documents, the representation of information needs and the matching of the two representations. This paper outlines the introduction of document indexing as a possible solution to document representation. Documents within a large textual database developed for geological projects in the Republic of Serbia for many years were indexed using methods developed within digital humanities: bag-of-words and named ...
    ... g. Ca for calcium). For each field searched within a specific facet, a weight factor is assigned. For example, when the facet ‘location’ is used in a query, the weights of corre- sponding metadata fields are: Municipality 8, County 7, Title 4, Keywords 3, Abstract 2, Appendices 1, whereas for the facet ...
    ... forms. Thus, for languages such as Serbian, some kind of normalization of morphological forms has to be performed both for document indexing and query processing. One solution is to use stemmers. For Serbian, work on several stemmers was reported: a stemmer as a part of a larger system for information ...
    ... ‘Institute for civil engineering Subotica’. The Serbian NER system is a handcrafted rule-based system that relies on comprehensive lexical resources for Serbian. For recognition of some types of named entities, e.g. personal names and locations, e-dictionaries and information within them is crucial; for others ...

  • An Integrated Environment for Management and Exploitation of Linguistic Resources

    Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović (2009)
    ... requires more information. Fig. 2 depicts this form for the compound “ministar za unutrasxnxe poslove” (minister for internal affairs). The upper part of the form is used for data pertaining to the compound as a whole: the code used for compound inflection, syntactic and semantic categories, comments ...
    ... several iterations. The current strategy consists of 53 rules: 19 rules for compounds with 2 components, 20 rules for compounds with 3 components, 8 rules for compounds with 4 compo- nents, and 3 rules for compounds with 5 and 6 components. Each rule defines the conditions that components ...
    ... the web. Besides a short description of the linguistic resources for Serbian involved, we also describe how the functions of the WS4LR tool can be used for their maintenance and develop- ment, as well as some possibilities for web query expansion of- fered by the WS4QE web application and the ...

  • Machine Learning and Deep Neural Network-Based Lemmatization and Morphosyntactic Tagging for Serbian

    Ranka Stanković, Branislava Šandrih, Cvetana Krstev, Miloš Utvić, Mihailo Škorić (2020)
    The training of new tagger models for Serbian is primarily motivated by the enhancement of the existing tagset with the grammatical category of a gender. The harmonization of resources that were manually annotated within different projects over a long period of time was an important task, enabled by the development of tools that support partial automation. The supporting tools take into account different taggers and tagsets. This paper focuses on TreeTagger and spaCy taggers, and the annotation schema alignment ...
    Part-of-Speech tagging, lemmatization, corpus, evaluation, Serbian, morphological dictionary
    ... PoS-taggers for many languages. The best performing available models, along with their PoS per- token accuracy scores on the corresponding test set, are: en core web lg for English (97.21%), es core news md for Spanish (97.03%), el core news md for Greek (96.51%), de core news md for German (96.44%) ...
    ... Table 3. It should be noted that tags for some PoS differ between tagsets (e.g. ADJ in UPoS vs. A in SMD for adjective). 3.2. Harmonization of annotation schema Texts used for training and testing (presented in Section 2.) were produced over the last 15 years for different purposes. This resulted in ...
    ... train- ing set. 3.3. Systems for Morpho-Syntactic Tagging The first operational tagger and a lemmatization model for Serbian was produced as the parameter file TT11 for TreeTagger, a supervised ML-tagger based on Hid- den Markov Models (HMMs) that uses decision trees for smoothing (Schmid, 1999). ...

  • INVENTS: a hybrid system for subsurface ventilation analysis

    Nikola Lilić, Ranka Stanković, Ivan Obradović (2000)
    Ventilation system analysis is a complex process based on the calculation and analysis of numerous parameters. These problems can be successfully solved by the SimVent numerical package, but a full understanding and use of the obtained results require the involvement of an experienced specialist in the ventilation field. The solution was found in the creation of a hybrid system INVENTS, whose knowledge base represents a formalization of the expert knowledge in the mine ventilation field. In this paper we ...
    ... frmSimul, Graf and Mreza. These classes represent interface forms for entering, viewing and searching the data, a form for drawing the ventilation system linear scheme, a form for graphical representation of results and a form for communication with other packages within the hybrid system INVENTS ...
    ... system. The system offers safe data archiving for complex data models as this one, as well as all procedures for data manipulation. The use of SQL as a standard query language for data manipulation secures the openness of the hybrid system INVENTS for a connection with different environments. Figure ...
    ... entities: a package for aerodynamic definition of mine ventilation networks - ResNet, a package for ventilation simulation in complex mine ventilation networks - SimVent and a diagnostic expert system for ventilation system analysis - VENTEX. Besides the architecture of a hybrid system for mine ventilation ...

  • Bilingual lexical extraction based on word alignment for improving corpus search

    Jelena Andonovski, Branislava Šandrih, Olivera Kitanović (2019)
    Library and Information Sciences,Computer Science Applications

  • Sustainable Modularity Approach to Facilities Development Based on Geothermal Energy Potential

    Nataša Čuković-Ignjatović, Ana Vranješ, Dušan Ignjatović, Dejan Milenić, Olivera Krunić (2021)
    The study presented in this paper assessed the multidisciplinary approach of geothermal potential in the area of the most southeastern part of the Pannonian basin, focused on resources utilization. This study aims to present a method for the cascade use of geothermal energy as a source of thermal energy for space heating and cooling and as a resource for balneological purposes. Two particular sites were selected—one in a natural environment; the other within a small settlement. Geothermal resources come ...
    геотермална енергија, Панонски басен, геотермална каскада, енергетска ефикасност, бањски центри, балнеологија, биоклиматска архитектура, стратегије пасивног дизајнирања, модуларни објекти
    ... technical room). It was a modest start, but rather feasible for the local municipality that met all contemporary standards for this type of program. The largest structure was some 1000 m2 as the result of preliminary design research, which indicated that for larger sites a different design approach should be ...
    ... range of 300 kW (GHP) to 950 kW (direct use). The size of wellness facilities can be predicted by matching developed scenarios based on different standards for envelope U values and outside temperature in modular facilities with available geothermal energy. The results of the investigation on geothermal ...
    ... cases, special attention is dedicated to passive measures for thermal comfort during the summer, thereby minimizing mechanical ventilation and air conditioning while addressing the well-being of users, in addition to enhancing hygiene standards, new occupancy protocols and energy efficiency issues. ...

  • A fuzzy-based decision support model for effectiveness evaluation - a case study of examination of bulldozers

    Miloš Tanasijević, Predrag Jovančić, Dejan Ivezić, Uglješa Bugarić, Radiša Đurić (2019)
    Effectiveness evaluation is one of the basic components of engineering asset management and maintenance engineering in general. Effectiveness is an overall concept representing a measurement of quality of service level for the analyzed engineering system. This concept contains a series of partial indicators relating to time in operation and time for maintenance activities, as well as functional properties of the system. This article describes the analysis and structuring of partial indicators, as well as the development of a model ...
    Efikasnost, Fazi zaključivanje, Prikupljanje podataka, Buldozer

  • Rule-based Automatic Multi-word Term Extraction and Lemmatization

    Ranka Stanković, Cvetana Krstev, Ivan Obradović, Biljana Lazić, Aleksandra Trtovac (2016)
    In this paper we present a rule-based method for multi-word term extraction that relies on extensive lexical resources in the form of electronic dictionaries and finite-state transducers for modelling various syntactic structures of multi-word terms. The same technology is used for lemmatization of extracted multi-word terms, which is unavoidable for highly inflected languages in order to pass extracted data to evaluators and subsequently to terminological e-dictionaries and databases. The approach is illustrated on a corpus of Serbian texts from ...
    term extraction, terminology, multi-word units, lemmatization, finite-state transducers
    ... i, 2009). Several hybrid methods for extraction of MWT candidates that use both syntactic patterns and statistical measures, mainly for filtering, are described in (Koeva, 2007) for Bulgarian, in (Vintar, 2010) for Slovene and in (Broda et al., 2008) for Polish. MWT candidates are extracted ...
    ... 2012). For our approach, production of lemmas for various forms of MWTs extracted from a corpus is necessary for two main reasons. Firstly, the evaluators need to be supplied with correct lemmas in order to be able to accomplish their task successfully. Secondly, lemmas are necessary for incorporating ...
    ... developed for the extraction of MWTs belonging to these classes, with the assumption that structures used most frequently for general MWUs would be the most frequent for terminological MWUs as well. Details on these classes are given in (Krstev et al., 2015). The FST graph for extraction ...

  • A Lexical Approach to Acronyms and their Definitions

    Cvetana Krstev, Duško Vitas, Ranka Stanković (2015)
    In this paper we present a comprehensive approach to acronyms for Natural-Language Processing (NLP) of Serbian texts. The proposed procedure includes extraction of acronyms and their definitions that are usual Multi-Word Units (MWUs), shallow parsing of MWUs that enables MWU lemmatization and production of entries in morphological electronic dictionaries, both for MWU and acronyms, that are provided with grammatical, syntactic, semantic and domain information. This approach enables representation that reflects complex relations between acronyms and their definitions.
    ... forms. For instance, two word definitions can have three forms: AN, NprepN or NconjN (A stands for an adjective, N for a noun, prep for a preposition and conj for a conjunction; adjectives and/or nouns in a construction have to agree in gender, number, case and animatness, as appropriate for each ...
    ... used for the feminine gender only (-e, -i). For acronyms that occurred with these discriminative endings the gender was recorded. For other acronyms additional tests were performed. For instance, the ending -u is used for dative and loca- tive masculine forms, while the same ending is used for accusative ...
    ... produced in previous steps. For this we are using inflectional transducers for MWU lemmas (de- scribed in (Savary, 2009)) and a tool for production of proper MWU e-dictionary lemmas that provide all neces- sary information for inflection (Krstev et al., 2010). This tool for items produced in the previous ...